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June 30, 1792 in Paris with "Battle Song of the Rhine Army" entered the Marseilles battalion of volunteers. Since then, this song, written by military engineer Claude Joseph Rouget de Lille, has become known around the world as "Marseillaise".
1859 - Frenchman Jean-François Gravel, better known under the pseudonym as Emile Blonden, became the first person to walk on a rope over the Niagara Falls.
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1893 - in South Africa, a "Excelsior" diamond weighing 995 carats was found at the Yahersfontein mine.
1894 - in London the famous Tower Bridge was opened.
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1905 - in the journal "Annalen der Physik" Albert Einstein published an article "Towards the Electrodynamics of Moving Bodies," in which he laid out the foundations of the Special Theory of Relativity.
1908 - at 7:15 local time near the Malaya Tunguska River in Eastern Siberia (Russia) a powerful explosion occurred. This phenomenon has received the name "Tunguska meteorite".
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1934 - on the orders of Adolf Hitler began a bloody purge, which was later called "Night of Long Knives."
1936 - the first print run of Margaret Mitchell's novel Gone with the Wind is printed.
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1948 - American scientists William Shockley, Walter Brattein and John Bardeen of the company Bell Labs publicly announced the creation of a device called "transistor", which should replace the traditional three-electrode lamp.
1964 - the first photographs of the Moon were received from a close distance.
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1972 - for the coordination of world time, a leap second was introduced for the first time (23:59:60).
1997 - the first book about Harry Potter was published in the UK - "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone".