July 1: "Encyclopedia, or Explanatory Dictionary of Science, Arts and Crafts," the III Olympic Games and Operation "Crossroads"

On July 1, 1751, the first volume of the Encyclopaedia, or Explanatory Dictionary of Sciences, Arts and Crafts, published by Denis Diderot and Jean Léron D'Alembert was printed.

1859 - The Protocols of the London Linnaean Society first published a brief summary of the hypothesis of the natural selection of Charles Darwin, along with a similar article by another British naturalist Alfred Russell Wallace.

1877 - the first Wimbledon tennis tournament began. The championship among men was played out. The winner was Spencer Gore. For the right to watch the final game, the audience paid one shilling.

1898 - the decisive battle began in the American-Spanish war for Cuba - the Americans attacked the Spanish positions on Mount San Juan, the last bastion before taking the port of Santiago.

1904 - The Third Olympic Games began in St. Louis (USA). They lasted until November 23 and were attended by 651 people, including 6 women representing teams from 13 countries and competing for 94 sets of medals in 18 sports.

1911 - Polish biochemist Kazimir Funk used the term "vitamin" for the first time to describe certain chemical ingredients for a healthy diet.

1929 - American artist Elzie Cigar (Elzie Crisler Segar) created a comic book hero, and later a cartoon, a sailor named Popeye, whose strength was increased tenfold after eating spinach.

1935 - at the Victor Records studio, Benny Goodman's orchestra recorded the song "King Porter Stomp", which is believed to have started the swing era.

1946 - At the Bikini Atoll in the Pacific Ocean, the United States conducted the first post-war nuclear weapons test. Operation "Crossroads" provided for three nuclear explosions - on July 25 another test (underwater) was carried out, and the third had to be canceled because of the inability to decontaminate the target ships.

1968 - the first personal exhibition of John Lennon as an artist.

1979 - Sony introduced a new consumer device - a portable audio cassette player. Some models of "Walkman" could work as a dictophone and constantly improved.

1992 - in the territory of Latvia, postage stamps of the former USSR are recognized as invalid for the payment of postal services. On this occasion, on June 30, a unique in the history of philately was organized a special cancellation of correspondence by a postmark of the last day.